What term refers to floating gardens?

The term that refers to floating gardens is "Chinampas." This agricultural technique was developed by the ancient Mesoamerican cultures, particularly the Aztecs, in areas such as Lake Texcoco. Chinampas are man-made islands created by stacking mud and decaying vegetation on top of reed mats, forming small plots of arable land that float on the water. This innovative method allowed for the cultivation of crops like maize, beans, and squash in wetland areas, maximizing agricultural output and leveraging the nutrient-rich waters.

Chinampas are notable for their sustainability and efficiency, as they enable year-round farming due to the water supply and the natural fertility of the materials used. This agricultural practice is a significant aspect of Mesoamerican history and showcases how indigenous peoples adapted to their environment to improve food security.